This is an ultra low-voltage crystal oscillator circuit using EPAD MOSFETs with active load and output buffer. This circuit is similar to a standard crystal oscillator circuit used in 5V circuits. However, at low operating voltages, the values of the resistors and the impedance of the inverter MOSFET are selected to optimize oscillation stability and minimize power consumption. An active load device using a depletion mode EPAD MOSFET such as an ALD114804 replaces a passive resistor load at the i

The ALD1103 is a monolithic dual N-channel and dual P-channel matched transistor pair intended for a broad range of analog applications. These enhancement-mode transistors are manufactured with Advanced Linear Devices' enhanced ACMOS silicon gate CMOS process. It consists of an ALD1101 N-channel MOSFET pair and an ALD1102 P-channel MOSFET pair in one package.

The ALD1722E/ALD1722 is a monolithic rail-to-rail precision CMOS operational amplifier with integrated user programmable EPAD (Electri-cally Programmable Analog Device) based offset voltage adjustment. The ALD1722E/ALD1722 is a direct replacement of the ALD1702 operational amplifier, with the added feature of user-programmable offset voltage trimming resulting in significantly enhanced total system performance and user flexibility. EPAD technology is an exclusive ALD design which has been refine

This circuit shows a basic diode"connected MOSFET connection. The drain terminal is shorted to the gate terminal. This circuit produces an output voltage VO with the drain current Ids that flows through the MOSFET increasing exponentially with increases of VO, with Ids versus VO characteristics similar to that of a forward biased diode. Hence the term œdiode-connected configuration. This type of circuit is very useful to clamp or control the output to a certain voltage level and not allo

This circuit is a zero crossing detector, which produces an output state change whenever the input crosses the reference input. In this case the reference input is connected to ground. The output of the comparator can easily drive multiple outputs, which can include, for example, a relay, a control gate and a LED indicator. Note that this circuit works with either open-drain or push-pull types of comparator output, depending upon the load(s) to be driven. The load, in many cases, can also act as

This circuit is a variation to the basic connection of a unity gain buffer amplifier. The unity gain amplifier is used primarily to isolate the input from the output. In this configuration, the output is connected back to the negative input terminal of the amplifier. Therefore any voltage at the output would be forced upon the "ve input as well. As the operational amplifier has very high open loop gain, the output voltage would tend to be forced to a value very close to VIN voltage. Any dif

This circuit presents a simple precision DC summing amplifier that has high input impedance of 10Mohm. The obvious advantage is that the 10Mohm high input resistance of the summing resistor(s) reduces the loading on the input signal sources and therefore affords better signal accuracy and integrity. The input leakage currents to the operational amplifier must be significantly lower than the lowest input signal currents available so that the accuracy of the summing amplifier is preserved. In this

This is an ultra low-voltage LC (Colpitts) oscillator circuit using EPAD MOSFETs with passive resistor load and output buffer operating on a single 0.17V power supply. This circuit is similar in configuration to a classic LC oscillator circuit in 5V circuits. A dual EPAD MOSFET is connected in parallel to provide more low voltage drive current as necessary. The output buffer is powered by ROUT, which can be selected to optimize the output voltage swing levels as well as providing adequate output

The ALD4501 timer is a high performance QUAD monolithic timing circuit built with advanced silicon gate CMOS technology. It offers the benefits of high input impedance, thereby allowing smaller timing capacitors and longer timing cycle; high speed with typical cycle time of 500ns; low power dissipation for battery operated environment; and reduced supply current spikes allowing smaller and lower cost decoupling capacitors. Each of the four timers can be independently operated in either the monos

Basic voltage level translator utilizes a voltage comparator to translate an input voltage range into an output voltage range. First step is to determine the input voltage range, which involves an input low voltage level VIN(low) and an input high voltage level, VIN(high). Next step is to figure out the proper reference voltage level, at VREF. In many cases VREF can be simply midpoint between VIN (low) and VIN(high). In other cases, one may want to skew the VREF voltage level towards either VIN(